%PDF-1.6 % The Resource Google Folder link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. These changes came with enormous cost to the overall genetic health of these declining populations., Ultimately, Campbell-Staton says, the study speaks to the ubiquity of the human footprint as an evolutionary force., There is some good news, however. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. Thanks for reading Scientific American. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! 11{TO8+J1FOf%E%12Xbtb?S`8,A 7 \K(Dc6@ UJ Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! Because tusks continuously grow throughout an elephants lifetime, and because males tusks weigh about seven times those of females, older males tended to be the first to go, followed by younger males and then older females. biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Resume watching the video until Poole, who is a co-author on the new paper, combed through old natural history films and amateur videos to estimate the prevalence of tusklessness prior to the war. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. This activity guides the analysis of a published scientific figure from a study involving illegal elephant poaching. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. 0 An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. Researchers have pinpointed how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to more elephants that will never develop tusks. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. 316 0 obj <>stream This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. Lessons. Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9 k1]8Ay0 Ik@ +Xndi) g[! Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Why no tusks? Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. One type of evidence they use is genetic data. Introduction After making these observations, Campbell-Staton decided it was time to use a whole-genome analysis to pinpoint the potential genetic factors. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. v0E H+1Q` d One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. 254 0 obj <> endobj This web tool provides a quick and easy way of visualizing and analyzing data without advanced technological requirements. Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on international ivory tradewere alarming, but they mostly made sense. The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. Description. All workshops are online, facilitated by Ambassadors, and include opportunities to interact with our resources and learn from other educators. endstream endobj startxref This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. Elephant Evolution and Adaptation. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. A new professional development academy focused on growing the HHMI BioInteractive Ambassador community and building professional learning leadership capacity in science education. Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Scientists . What did Dr. Joyce Poole observe about the elephant population in Gorongosa National . The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). 482 0 obj <>stream PART 2: Video Activity . Fortunately, another research team was carrying out a collaring project to track matriarch elephants. 2. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. 7. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. %PDF-1.5 % Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. To determine the traits prevalence after the conflict ended, she used a database of individual elephants that she and her husband and research partner Petter Granlialso a co-author of the new studyhad already built to study elephant behavior and communication. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ fg`5jz XX$^feN3)R@1y"A9m v \`@=`6/Af Zl "30 0 r adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. The accompanying worksheet guides students exploration. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. Poaching brings evolutionary pressure for tusklessness. 6. We were going to drive around at Gorongosa, spot an elephant, see if the elephant had tusks or not, wait for the elephant to poop and then collect its DNA, he says. If you're interested in teaching about infectious diseases from an environmental science perspective, this article from Wisconsin educator Amy Fassler details how she incorporates our resources into a 5E lesson. This video case study explores whether elephants can detect, interpret, and respond to signals delivered by underground vibrations. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. This film describes natural selection and adaptation in populations of rock pocket mice living in the American Southwest. hbbd```b``"WH&. lz`f1,f u d Vi 2D7e@l( XDrG;".|`10H-v9Pl=0 u This pattern suggested to the researchers a sex-linked genetic origin for what they were seeing. endstream endobj startxref This activity addresses the following key concepts: Elephants are a keystone species because they are ecosystem engineers that dramatically alter their environment and influence community diversity. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Key Concepts. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Answers may vary. a. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. 6. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. hb```lRB %%EOF 255 0 obj <> endobj Scientists are trying to determine the genes involved in tusk development and how variations in these genes can lead to tusklessness. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. 3. a. After creating an account, educators can save and organize their favorite BioInteractive resources and discover recommendations tailored to their interests. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. In this video, biologist Shane Campbell-Staton walks through the steps of collecting DNA samples from elephants in Gorongosa National Park and how he plans to analyze their DNA sequences.For more information and related materials, visit HHMI BioInteractive:https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/genetics-tusklessness-elephants Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. endstream endobj 256 0 obj <. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. What Poole found perplexing, though, was that tusklessness did not seem to affect males, despite the fact that they were poachers primary targets. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. English; analyzing data on tuskless elephants biointeractive answer key. II. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. Poaching is artificially selecting for tuskless elephants who can better survive, mate, and pass on their genes to the next generation. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. It is important to track how many elephants are left and where they live to help protect them. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Total: 129 a. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 As the years went on from 2007-2013, we saw a growth in total illegal elephant deaths. 318 0 obj <>stream Selection for Tuskless Elephants. The first six weeks of the 15-week laboratory portion were conducted in a synchronous virtual format, using BioInteractive materials to teach the basic skills necessary to start the ethogram project. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? a. Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless.For more short films and resources on elephants, visit http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/elephants AQ` n& endstream endobj 416 0 obj <. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. Poachers, she knew, prioritized elephants with the largest tusks. Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. a. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. %%EOF Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. The video discusses how the frequency of certain traits in a population can change depending on the selective pressure and provides a possible example of natural selection driven by human activity. Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. In . Look up the definition of the term poaching and summarize your understanding of what it means in the space below. Watch the . Watch the . Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. iU Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! Tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for, Poole says. This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants, who survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. In this activity, students work with authentic research data to explore the impact of poaching on African elephants. pe*X|Xem&5*d X;d3^"kNIc rH+d ``s2AJn#*d9X;DAge`0?k G Ordered sequences of BioInteractive resources for teaching a course, unit, or lesson. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. But why werent there any tuskless males?. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. If you're interested in using facilitated discussions to promote scientific literacy and empower students to make evidence-based decisions, this article from professor Holly Basta details how she restructured her course to promote student questioning and talk. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. 0 This interactive video explores how scientists identify which bat populations are infected with Nipah virus and could transmit the virus to humans. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! %%EOF II. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Discover world-changing science. 293 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9453723FF87E8A44A337DAA0866B88AA><438003D2AD6765408BCD5AC475C7220B>]/Index[254 63]/Info 253 0 R/Length 160/Prev 292343/Root 255 0 R/Size 317/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. This activity explores images of a coral bleaching event, which serve as phenomena for learning about marine ecosystems, human impacts, and climate change. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability.