Updated every three hours. These climate models are used to investigate long-term climate shifts, such as what effects might be caused by human emission of greenhouse gases . The Earth has its own protective interface from the various effects of Space Weather, called the Magnetosphere. Students use prior knowledge, a photo gallery, and a video to discuss what they already know about extreme weather on Earth and brainstorm and categorize a list of weather-related words and phrases. Arctic sea ice at the end of melt season, 1981-2009 (Image credit: NSIDC) Plants and animals. According to the European Space Agency, there are concerns the “force that protects our planet is weakening and may even be on the verge of reversing polarity. At its worst, extreme weather can destroy entire cities and huge areas of land, causing deaths and affecting the lives of the people living there. According to Bob Berman , astronomer for The Old Farmer’s Almanac, NOAA scientists have now concluded that four factors determine global temperatures: carbon dioxide levels, volcanic … The effects of global warming on the Earth's ecosystems are expected to be profound and widespread. See current wind, weather, ocean, and pollution conditions, as forecast by supercomputers, on an interactive animated map. Whole civilizations have sprung up and died because of the effects of the weather over the millenia. Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time. As an example, imagine that you have a flashlight and a piece of paper. Quiz Earth › Weather › Effects of extreme weather › Mathematical models used to predict the long term weather of the Earth (climate models), have been developed that have a resolution today that are as coarse as the older weather prediction models. The adverse economic impacts of solar activity on the North American power grid have been well-documented. The effects most of the time are advantageous, but sometimes this sun becomes the reason of sufferings. Every 405,000 years, gravitational tugs from the planets Jupiter and Venus gradually affect Earth's climate and life forms, according to a new study. Weather affects the inhabitants of Earth more than it affects the planet itself. The sun burns with the same intensity all year. Earth's elliptical orbit brings it closer or farther at different times of year, but this change in distance has a negligible effect on weather. Then they identify the necessary conditions for weather events to occur, and the factors that affect extreme weather. Effects that scientists had predicted in the past would result from global climate change are now occurring: loss of sea ice, accelerated sea level rise and longer, more intense heat waves. 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